Full Papers at CHI / UIST

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  Mallet-Based Assembly: Enabling Load-Bearing Laser-Cut Models

  Shohei Katakura, Chiao Fang, Mehdi Gouasmi, Lino Hellige, Yoan Tchorenev, David Bizer, Conrad Lempert, Martin Taraz, Muhammad Abdullah, and Patrick Baudisch

  In Proceedings of UIST'25 (full paper)

  Laser cutting has a long tradition of building load-bearing 3D objects based on box joints and T-joints, as these joints are naturally robust against compression and shearing. Achieving robustness against tension, however, is challenging. One presumed solution is to make all joints extremely tight, to the point where they can only be assembled using a mallet. However, our survey found that making joints tight can cause models to break during assembly. In this paper, we identify the 10 underlying issues and present techniques for overcoming them: by extending parts with what we call scaffolding or by adjusting the models’ assembly order, so as to bypass states that are subject to these issues. Based on our user study and analysis of laser-cut models, scaffolding speeds up assembly for an average of 14% of the assembly operations per model, which in turn gives an average of 1.3x speed-up per model, and 70% of the models would benefit from the adjusted assembly order, that in the absence of such, would require higher assembly effort.

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  AirTied: Automatic Personal Fabrication of Truss Structures

  Lukas Rambold, Robert Kovacs, Conrad Lempert, Muhammad Abduallah, Helena Lendowski, Lukas Fritzsche, Martin Taraz, and Patrick Baudisch

  In Proceedings of UIST'23 (full paper)

  We present AirTied, a device that fabricates truss structures in a fully automatic fashion. AirTied achieves this by unrolling a 20cm-wide inflatable plastic tube and tying nodes into it. AirTied creates nodes by holding onto a segment of tube, stacking additional tube segments on top of it, tying them up, and releasing the result. The resulting structures are material-efficient and light as well as sturdy, as we demonstrate by creating a 6m-tower. Unlike the prior art, AirTied requires no scaffolding and no building blocks, bringing automated truss construction into the reach of personal fabrication.

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  Kerfmeter: Automatic Kerf Calibration for Laser Cutting

  Shohei Katakura, Martin Taraz, Muhammad Abdullah, Paul Methfessel, Lukas Rambold, Robert Kovacs, and Patrick Baudisch

  In Proceedings of CHI'23 (full paper)

  Kerfmeter is a hardware + software device that automatically determines how much material the laser cutter burns off, also known as kerf. Its knowledge about kerf allows Kerfmeter to make the joints of laser cut 3D models fit together with just the right tension, i.e., loose enough to allow for comfortable assembly, yet tight enough to hold parts together without glue—all this without user interaction. Kerfmeter attaches to the head of a laser cutter and works as follows: when users send a model to the laser cutter, Kerfmeter intercepts the job, injects a brief calibration routine that determines kerf, dilates the cutting plan according to this kerf, and then proceeds to fabricate the cutting plan. Kerfmeter makes it easy to sample repeatedly; we demonstrate how this allows boosting precision past any traditional kerf strip.

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  HingeCore: Laser-Cut Foamcore for Fast Assembly

  Muhammad Abdullah, Romeo Sommerfeld, Bjarne Sievers, Leonard Geier, Jonas Noack, Marcus Ding, Christoph Thieme, Laurenz Seidel, Lukas Fritzsche, Erik Langenhan, Oliver Adameck, Moritz Dzingel, Thomas Kern, Martin Taraz, Conrad Lempert, Shohei Katakura, Hany Mohsen Elhassany, Thijs Roumen, and Patrick Baudisch

  In Proceedings of UIST'22 (full paper)

  HingeCore is a novel type of laser-cut 3D structure made from sandwich materials, such as foamcore. The key design element behind HingeCore is what we call a finger hinge, which we produce by laser-cutting foamcore "half-way". The primary benefit of finger hinges is that they allow for very fast assembly, as they allow models to be assembled by folding and because folded hinges stay put at the intended angle, based on the friction between fingers alone, which eliminates the need for glue or tabs. Finger hinges are also highly robust, with some 5mm foamcore models withstanding 62kg. We present HingeCoreMaker, a stand-alone software tool that automatically converts 3D models to HingeCore layouts, as well as an integration into a 3D modeling environment for laser cutting (kyub). We have used HingeCoreMaker to fabricate design objects, including speakers, lamps, and a life-size bust, as well as structural objects, such as functional furniture.

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  Fastforce: Real-Time Reinforcement of Laser-Cut Structures

  Muhammad Abdullah, Martin Taraz, Yannis Kommana, Shohei Katakura, Robert Kovacs, Jotaro Shigeyama, Thijs Roumen, and Patrick Baudisch

  In Proceedings of CHI'21 (full paper)

  FastForce is a software tool that detects structural flaws in laser cut 3D models and fixes them by introducing additional plates into the model, thereby making models up to 52x stronger. By focusing on a specific type of structural issue, i.e., poorly connected sub-structures in closed box structures, fastForce achieves real-time performance. This allows fastForce to fix structural issues continuously in the background, while users stay focused on editing their models and without ever becoming aware of any structural issues.